研发强度、集聚经济与企业生产率

R&D Intensity,Agglomeration and Enterprise Productivity

文章采用规模以上工业企业普查微观数据,利用拓展的Nicholas Bloom等[1]的模型分析了研发强度对企业生产率的影响,结果表明研发强度对企业生产率具有显著的正向影响。在考虑地区集聚经济因素后发现,马歇尔集聚经济较强地区的企业,研发强度对其生产率有正向影响较大;雅格布斯及克鲁格曼集聚经济较强地区的企业,研发强度对其生产率的正向影响较小,这些地区的企业研发普遍存在"搭便车"现象。此外,研发强度对集聚经济差异地区企业生产率的影响,还受企业规模及企业所有制因素的制约。

Based on the datasets drawn from annual surveys of Chinese manufacturing firms, and the Nicholas Bloom＇ s model, this paper analyzes the influence of the R＆D intensity on finn productivity. The results show that R＆D does have a significant positive effect on finn productivity. In consideration of the spatial economic differences in China, further analysis found that the effects of R＆D on firm productivity are stronger in cities with relatively more Marshall intensive agglomerations and are weaker in cities with relatively more intensive Jaeobs or Krugman agglomerations. Therefore, ＂free riding＂ in R＆D exists in cities with relatively more intensive Jacobs or Krugman agglomeration. Finally this paper demonstrates the different effects of agglomerations on R＆D in view of finn size and ownership structure respectively.