35株引起食物中毒的副溶血性弧菌病原学特征分析

Etiological analysis of 35 isolates of Vibrio parahaemolyticus causing food poisonings

目的了解广东省部分地区近年发生的副溶血性弧菌食物中毒菌株血清分型、毒力基因及耐药状况,为预防和控制由副溶血性弧菌引起的食物中毒提供科学依据。方法对35株由湛江、东莞、中山、惠州市疾病预防控制中心从食物中毒病例中分离获得的副溶血性弧菌进行血清分型;采用PCR检测副溶血性弧菌的耐热直接溶血素基因(tdh)和耐热直接相关溶血素基因(trh);采用K-B纸片扩散法进行药敏试验。结果 35株从食物中毒病例中分离到的副溶血性弧菌菌株分属6个血清群,分别为O1、O2、O3、O4、O8及O10群,分别占20.0%、2.9%、62.9%、8.6%、2.9%、2.9%,其中O3:K6血清型共检出18株,占51.4%(18/35)。tdh携带率为88.6%(31/35),trh携带率为8.6%(3/35)。35株副溶血性弧菌对链霉素、氨苄西林和阿米卡星的耐药率分别为100.0%、80.0%(28/35)和74.3%(26/35),而对四环素、环丙沙星、复方新诺明、磺胺复合物S3、氯霉素、头孢曲松的敏感性均达80%以上(82.9%～94.3%)。结论在广东省部分地区引起食物中毒的副溶血性弧菌血清型主要是O3群,其中又以O3:K6为主,主要携带tdh基因,对大多数抗生素敏感。

Objective To study the serotypes,virulent genes and antibiotic resistance of Vibrio parahaemolyticus isolated from food poisonings in recent years,providing scientific basis for further prevention and control. Methods Serotypes of 35 isolates of Vibrio parahaemolyticus isolated by CDCs of Zhanjiang,Dongguan,Zhongshan,and Huizhou were determined with serological experiment. Virulent genes tdh and trh were detected by PCR. Antibiotic resistance was examined by K-B disk diffusion method. Results Thirty-five isolates of Vibrio parahaemolyticus causing food poisonings belonged to 6 serotypes of O1,O2,O3,O4,O8,and O10 and their constituent ratios were 20. 0%,2. 9%,62. 9%,8. 6%, 2. 9%,and 2. 9%,respectively. Of 35 isolates,18 isolates were identified as serotype O3： K6,accounting for 51. 4%（ 18 /35）. The carrying rates of tdh and trh genes were 88. 6%（ 31 /35） and 8. 6%（ 3 /35）,respectively. All isolates were resistant to streptomycin,ampicillin and amikacin,and their resistance rates were 100%,80%（ 28 /35） and 74. 3%（ 26 /35）,respectively. Their sensitivity rates ranged from 82. 9% to 94. 3% to tetracycline,ciprofloxacin,sulfamethoxazole,sulphonamides compound,chloramphenicol,and ceftriaxone. Conclusion The dominant serotype of Vibrio parahaemolyticus causing food poisonings in some cities of Guangdong Province was O3 and the most dominant serotype was O3： K6. Most of isolates had the tdh gene and were sensitive to many antibiotics.