基于网络模型的动车组火灾人员疏散研究

Evacuation of MU Train fire based on network model

以CRH1型动车组为研究对象,分析动车组于隧道中发生火灾时不同火灾场景下的人员疏散。将疏散路径分为单入口——单出口、多入口——单出口、单入口——多出口以及以上三种路径的有机组合。设置人为纵火、列车底盘起火两种场景,根据选定的反应时间、人员密度、疏散宽度等参数,利用网络模型预测人员整体疏散时间,探讨瓶颈效应对人员疏散效率的影响。研究发现:列车内和隧道内的安全设施能够正常工作至关重要;现行疏散路径中维修通道是整体疏散的瓶颈点。应增加疏散路径的数量、有效宽度、安全性。

Take CRH1 as the object of study,the personal evacuation under different fire scenarios was analyzed when the MU train was on fire in tunnel.The evacuation path were single entrance to single exit,multiple entrances to single exit,single entrance to multiple exits and the combination of 3 paths above.The fire scenarios were arson and fire from chassis.The network model was used to forecast the total evacuation time with the parameters of reaction time,person density and evacuation width,etc.The bottleneck effect was discussed and the results showed that：it＇s important that the safety facility could work;the maintenance passage was the bottleneck of evacuation.There should be more and wider evacuation passage and the safety of evacuation path should be enhanced.