基于标准有效温度和不舒适指标研究南京热舒适状况

Nanjing Thermal Comfort Status Analysis Based on Standard Effective Temperature and Discomfort Index

采用标准有效温度和不舒适指标,分析了南京市热舒适状况。以南京市2010年全年的逐时气温和相对湿度资料为基础,计算了2010年逐月每小时气温和相对湿度平均值。通过假定在均匀的环境条件下,遮阴的室内,伏案工作活动量为1.0 met,夏季服装热阻为0.6 clo,春、秋、冬季服装热阻为0.9 clo,室内风速约为0.125 m/s,计算出各月逐时标准有效温度和不舒适指标。结果表明,南京市的热舒适状况具有明显的季节变化和日变化特征。季节变化特征显示:夏冬两季热舒适度偏低,夏季平均标准有效温度和不舒适指标分别为27.6℃和0.7,人体感觉偏热;冬季平均标准有效温度和不舒适指标分别为9.4℃和-2.8,人体感觉偏冷;春秋两季热舒适度指数高,春季平均标准有效温度和不舒适指标分别为19.7℃和-0.8,秋季为17.2℃和-1.3,人体普遍感觉舒适,但舒适期持续时间短,全年约62天。就日变化特征而言,冬季白天人体热舒适度普遍高于夜间,夏季则相反。上述结果能够较好地反映南京市人体的普遍热舒适感,可为旅游、建筑、医疗、交通等相关行业和部门提供参考。

This paper adopts the standard effective temperature（ SET） and discomfort index（ DISC） to analyze the thermal comfort status in Nanjing city. Based on the data of hourly temperature and relative humility observed in Nanjing in 2010,the average values of hourly temperature and relative humility of each month are calculated. Then under certain assumptions,such as staying in shading room, desk work activity is 1. 0 met,summer clothing thermal resistance is 0. 6 clo,spring,autumn and winter clothing thermal resistance is 0. 9 clo,and indoor wind speed is about 0. 125 m / s,the hourly SET and DISC values of each month are obtained. The results indicate that the Nanjing thermal status has obvious both seasonal and diurnal variation pattern. The seasonal pattern shows that the values of thermal comfort are relatively low in both summer and winter seasons,during which people generally feel hot in summer and cold in winter,the hourly SET and DISC values in summer and winter are 27. 6 ℃,0. 7 and 9. 4 ℃,-2. 8. In spring and fall,the values of thermal comfort are relative high and people generally feel comfortable,the hourly SET and DISC values in summer and winter are 19. 7 ℃,-0. 8 and 17. 2 ℃,-1. 3,but the duration of comfort period is short,which is around 62 days in a year. As for the diurnal pattern,people feel more comfortable in daytime than night during winter,which is contrary to that in the summer. The above results are in accord with the human feelings in Nanjing in reality and can provide a reference for departments of tourism,building industry,medical security,traffic and so on.