余量称重法在土壤蒸散测量中的应用

Application of the Margin Weighing Method to the Soil Evapotranspiration Measurement

土壤水分的蒸散能力与蒸散量的大小是研究干旱灾害的一个重要参数。由于没有长时间大范围的观测数据资料,目前水文气象研究干旱结果仍然局限在单点或者小范围的实验研究及数值模式中,没有时空变化的代表性。余量称重法的方式,可以较为直观地得到土壤中水分蒸散的量及其量值变化规律,对土壤蒸散能力有一个量化的概念。此方法操作简便,代表性强,对干旱研究将起到一定的作用。与数模测量法相比较,余量称重法的测量数据无需考虑气象环境中辐射与空气气温、湿度、风速大小和降水四个方面因素的影响,可以直接运用到气象、水文、水利及相关需要的测量与研究行业当中。

The soil water evapotranspiration ability and size of the volume is an important parameter to study drought. Since there is no long-term large-scale observational data,the current drought in hydrometeorological research results are still limited to a single point or small-scale experimental studies and numerical models,there is no representation of temporal and spatial variation. Use margin weighing method can be more intuitive to get the amount of soil moisture and evapotranspiration magnitude varia-tion,providing the ability to quantify soil evapotranspiration concept. This method is simple,strong rep-resentation. This method will play a role in drought research. Compare with digital-analog measurements, observational data do not consider meteorological environment radiation and air temperature,humidity, wind speed and precipitation four factors,it can be directly applied to meteorology,hydrology,water re-sources and associated measurement and the research.