关中城市群工业分工协调及密集带规划研究

Coordination of regional industrial division and industrial concentrated belt planning in Guanzhong urban agglomeration

以关中城市群为研究区域,选取西安、咸阳、宝鸡、渭南、铜川5个地级市2010年统计年鉴中工业分行业产值数据,采用产业结构相似系数和产业区域同构系数的计算方法,对关中5个地级市工业行业相似程度和地区间产业同构程度进行测度分析,结果表明:关中城市群中13.9%的工业行业存在产业同构问题,36.1%的工业行业存在严重的产业同构问题。一级核心城市西安和二级核心城市宝鸡的工业产业同构程度较大(0.678),不利于产业转移和产业链的延伸升级。咸阳和渭南、咸阳和铜川的工业同构程度也较大,不利于区域间产业分工和合作,需要进行协调整合。通过选用区位商、产业专门化率、产业比较劳动生产率作为指标,对关中5个地级市工业行业发展情况进行综合比较,得出各市综合优势工业产业,进一步确定各市工业产业重点发展方向。依照产业地理分布状况,结合各市产业专业化及关中专业化情况、产业规模和产业链条及产品分工,提出关中城市群应重点发展汽车生产制造、石油化工、纺织服装、机电装备、有色金属、医药制造、食品饮料烟草等七大工业密集带。产业密集带作为最有效的产业空间组织形式,可为关中城市群工业发展形成规模与集聚效应提供理论支持。

This paper takes Guanzhong urban agglomeration as research area, based on industry data of the five prefecture-level cities as Xi＇an, Xianyang, Baoji, Weinan, and Tongchuan of Shaanxi Province, China in 2009 from Statistical Yearbook （2010） to analyze the five cities＇ sector similar level of industry and the similar level of regional industrial structure. The results are indicated as follows ： 13.9% of the industrial industries in Guanzhong urban ag glomeration exist the industry isomorphism problem, 36.1% of the industrial industry exist a serious industry isomor phism problem. The homogeneous degree of industry between the core-level city Xi＇an and secondary city Baoji is high （0.678）, which goes against the industry transferring and extending, as well as upgrading industrial chain. Be tween Xianyang and Weinan and between Xianyang and Tongchuan, the industrial isomorphisms are separately at high degrees. This problem blocks the industrial division and regional cooperation, which make the regional coordi nation and consolidation are in need. The article selects location quotient, industry specialization, compared labor productivity indicator as indicators, takes the data of section industrial production and employment of the five cities to evaluate. Then through comprehensive comparison the industry with comprehensive advantages among the five cit ies is got. And the further main orientation for industry development accord to the relevant information is determined. In accordance with industry geographic distribution, combining industry specialization, industrial scale, industrial chain and product division in the various regional and specialization condition in Guanzhong area, it is proposed thatGuanzhong should focus on the development of automotive manufacturing, petrochemical, nonferrous metals, textiles and garments, electrical and mechanical equipment, pharmaceutical manufacturing, food, beverage and tobacco as seven intensive industrial belt. As the most effective industrial spatial organization form, industry-intensive belt pro vides theoretical support of producing scale and agglomeration effect in Guanzhong city group. Meanwhile, it need to be aware that on the one hand, the planning and construction of Guanzhong industry-intensive belt should promote the coordinated development for advantage industries on the basic of industrial regional division; on the other hand, it requires policy support and guidance from the government. In addition, in the process of constructing Guanzhong industry-intensive belt, the different political and economic status between Xi＇an and the surrounding cities deter- mine the difficulty of freely movement in producing materials. All kinds of talented people crowding together in Xi＇ an results in the brain circulation can not meet the needs of the surrounding areas and industrial development. Therefore, it urgently needs to establish regional networks of industrial system to prompt a number of independent in dustrial enterprises rely on themselves, out of the consideration for common interests, to hold long-term associations on the basis of mutual trust, to get collaboration and cooperative relations. This intensive industrial network system is essential for the construction of Guanzhong industry-intensive belt.