宁夏贺兰山自然保护区油松林碳储量及分布格局

The carbon storage and distribution property of the forestry of Pinus tabu- laeformis in natural reserve area of Helan Mountain of Ningxia

森林保护对减缓全球变暖有着重要意义。不同森林生态系统由于其所处地理位置不同,气候、土壤、物种构成差异很大,因此其碳汇功能也各不相同,油松是中国北方重要的森林类型之一,为了摸清贺兰山自然保护区森林碳储量,本文通过实地调查取样和室内实验测定的方法,于2011—2012年期间对宁夏贺兰山自然保护区油松林碳储量进行了取样测定,估算了其碳储量。结果表明:油松单株平均含碳率为51.91%,高于国内其他地区的阔叶树种及灌木的含碳率;经估算贺兰山油松林总有机碳储量为13.39 kg?m-2,其中立木碳储量为2.98 kg?m-2,地被层有机碳碳储量为0.86 kg?m-2,土壤层有机碳储量为9.55 kg?m-2,土壤碳储量占林分碳储量的70%以上,是油松林有机碳的主要储存库。总体来看,针叶林的固碳能力要高于阔叶林,在营造固碳林时应优先考虑针叶树种。从分布格局来看,东经105.80°~106.15°,北纬38.36°~39.00°,海拔2 000~2 400 m的区域是油松林的主要分布区域,也是贺兰山森林有机碳的主要分布区,该区域是保护区碳平衡研究和碳汇管理应该关注的重点区域。

It is significant for forest protection to slowing global warming. Because of the geographical location, climate, soil, spe- cies composition of the forest ecological system are different greatly, the carbon sink function are not identical respectively. Pinus tabulaeformis forest is one of the main forest type in the north of China, In order to learning the forestry carbon storage of Helan Mountain, s the tree ofPinus tabulaeformis was sampled and determined, throughing the field investigation and laboratory analysithe results show that average carbon content of the Pinus tabulaeformis is 51.91%. It is estimated that the total carbon storage of the forestry ofPinus tabulaeformis is 13.39 kg.m2, in which the trees, surface biomass and soil carbon storage are 2.98 kg.m2, 0.86 kg/m2 and 9.55 kg.m2 respectively. The soil stored 70% of the total carbon and it is main carbon pool of the forestry of Pinus tabu- laeformis in natural reserve area of Helan Mountain. Overall, the carbon sequestration capacity of coniferous forest was higher than that of broad-leaved forest, in the construction of carbon sequestration forest should be preferred conifer species. The forestry of Pinus tabulaeformis mainly distributed in the region that is located at 105.80^-106.15~E, 38.36^-39.00~N and with the height 2 000-2 400 m, and it is also the main organic carbon distribution zone of Helan Mountain. This region is the key area for the re- search of carbon balance and carbon trade.