基于双层规划模型的公交枢纽内部流线优化

Optimization of Internal Flow in Transit Hub Based on Bi-level Programing Model

作为以"换乘"为主要功能的公共建筑,公交枢纽是城市交通系统的核心,其在设计阶段最为重要的部分是内部流线设计.内部流线的设计方案直接关系着枢纽运行效率的高低,甚至于枢纽的功能实现.文中对公交枢纽内部流线进行研究,根据枢纽内换乘流线与城市道路网上交通流的相似性,修正城市路网交通分配的方法,寻找到枢纽内部优化的流线,通过"用户平衡UE"与"系统最优SO"两个模型建立了双层优化模型,并设计遗传算法和模拟退火混合算法进行了求解.采用北京某公交枢纽的数据进行了案例研究,结果表明提出的方法对于公交枢纽内部流线优化设计是非常有效的.

As a public building with ‘transfer’ as its main function, transit hub is the key point of urban transportation system, and the most important part in its design process is the internal traffic flow design. The design scheme of the internal traffic flow determines the traffic efficiency of the transit hub directly. Moreover, it influences the function of the hub. This paper will focus on the design method of the traffic flow in the transit hub. According to the similarity between the transfer flow in the transit hub and the traffic flow on the urban road network, the theory of traffic assignment is revised to seek the optimized transfer flow in the transit hub. Based on the user equilibrium （UE） and system optimization （SO）, a bi-level optimization model is proposed, and a combined method of genetic algorithm and simulated annealing is designed to solve it. The case study is implemented using the data of a transit hub in Beijing. The reported results have clearly indicated that the proposed approach is most effective in seeking the optimized transfer flow in transit hub.