精神分裂症患者健康一级亲属的认知功能研究

A study of cognitive functions in the first degree healthy relatives of schizophrenia patients

目的:探讨精神分裂症患者健康一级亲属的认知功能特点。方法:对72例精神分裂症患者健康一级亲属(研究组)以及与其人口学资料相匹配的31名健康对照(对照组)进行2-back测验、Go/No-go测验、Stroop测验、修订版韦氏成人智力量表的数字符号、连线测验分量表等认知功能的评定。结果:研究组在2-back测验反应时(t=7.749)和错误数(t=2.432)、Go/No-go测验反应时(t=4.147)以及数字符号测试(t=-2.248)成绩上均差于对照组(P<0.05或P<0.001)。多发病家系组在2-back测验反应时(t=3.233)、Go/No-go测验反应时(t=2.981)以及数字符号测试(t=2.041)成绩上均差于单发病家系组(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论:精神分裂症患者健康一级亲属存在不同程度的认知功能损害;认知功能损害可能是精神分裂症的遗传易感性指标。

Objective：To explore the cognitive functions in the first degree healthy relatives of schizo- phrenia patients. Method： Seventy two first degree healthy relatives of schizophrenia patients （research group） were compared to thirty one demographical matched healthy persons （control group）. These two groups were given 2-back test, Go/No-go test, digital symbol, digit span subtests from Wechsler adult intelligence scale- revised （WAIS-R）, trail making test for assessment of cognitive functions. Results ：The performance of reac- tion time （ t = 7. 749 ） and error number （ t = 2. 432 ） of 2-back test, reaction time of Go/No-go test（ t = 4. 147 ）, total number of digital symbol （ t = - 2. 248 ） in research group were significantly impaired than those in control group（ P 〈0.05 or P 〈0. 001 ）. The performance of reaction time of 2-back test（ t = 3. 233 ）,reaction time of Go/No-go test （ t = 2.981 ） and total number of digital symbol （t = 2.041 ） in multiple-onset pedigrees of schiz- ophrenia group were worse than those in single-onset pedigrees of schizophrenia group（ P 〈 0.05 or P 〈 O. 01 ）. Conclusion：The cognitive functions impairment exists in healthy first-degree relatives of schizophrenics; which may be considered as an indicator related to genetic susceptibilities in schizophrenia.