口腔治疗对老年人的生存质量和日常生活活动能力的影响

Effect of dental treatment on the quality of life and activities of daily living in the elderly

目的探讨口腔治疗对老年人的生存质量和日常生活活动能力的影响。方法纳入40例老年人为受试者,均分为两组(干预组和对照组)各20例,年龄平均(78.2±7.3)岁,分别于2012年11月和2013年1月采集两组老年人生存质量(QOL)和日常生活活动能力(ADL)的数据。初次采集数据后,根据干预组受试者的口腔情况进行相应口腔治疗,对照组不进行口腔治疗。QOL和ADL将使用老年口腔健康评价指数(GOHAI)和功能独立自主量表(FIM)进行评估。结果接受口腔治疗的干预组在基准线和8周后之间的GOHAI分值和FIM的表达项目数值差异存在统计学意义(均P<0.05)。排除混杂因素干扰后模型显示口腔治疗导致GOHAI数值的升高和FIM的表达项目数值的升高(均P<0.05)。结论口腔治疗将提高口腔健康相关的QOL和ADL中的表达能力。因此在日常的护理工作中增加口腔医疗服务可能对于老年人QOL值的维持有益。

Objective To investigate the effects of dental treatment on the quality of life （QOL） and activi- ties of daily living （ADL） in the elderly. Methods A controlled study was conducted from November 2012 and Janu- ary 2013 to determine the effects of dental treatments on the QOL and ADL in 40 elderly adults, who were allocated in- to two groups： the intervention group （n=20） and the control group （n=20）. Their mean age was （78.2~7.3） years. The elderly adults from the intervention group were treated by dental treatment according to the oral health. Outcome data were collected 8 weeks after baseline in both groups. QOL and ADL were assessed using General Oral Health Assess- ment Index （GOHAI） and Functional Independence Measure （FIM）. Results The intervention group, which had re- ceived dental treatment, showed statistically significant difference in GOHAI scores and the expression function scores of FIM between baseline and 8 weeks after baseline （both P〈0.05）. Data showed that dental treatments signifi- cantly increased the GOHAI scores and the expression function scores of FIM after considering the confounding fac- tors （both P〈0.05）. Conclusion Dental treatments increase the oral health-related QOL and the expression function in the ADL. Promoting dental care service at nursing facilities may be beneficial for maintaining the residents＇ QOL.