宪法视野下的海权保护

On the Protection of Sea Power from the Perspective of the Constitution

西方海权理论带有浓重的海洋霸权色彩。中国海权是海洋主权、海洋权利和制海权的统一,具有自卫性和有限性。我国海权的法律保护存在宪法关注缺失、立法相对滞后及体系不平衡等缺陷。宪法保护海权有其必要性,解决海岛海洋争端和提升我国海洋执法的正当性均需宪法提供明确的依据。党的十八大报告为海权入宪提供了契机,海权的宪法保护路径在于增设涉海条款直接保护海权、授权普通法律间接保护海权。

Western theories of sea power have the strong maritime hegemony colors. Chinese sea power is the unity of the marine sovereignty, sea right and command of the sea, which has self - defensive and limited characteristics. The legal protection of the sea power in our country lack constitutional concern, legislation is relative lag and system is unbalance. The constitutional protection of sea power has its necessity, and solve island maritime disputes and enhance the justification and legitimacy of the Marine Law enforcement all needs provide a clear basis for the Constitution. The eighteen report of the Communist Party of China has created the opportunity for the sea right into the constitution. The constitutional protection path of sea power is added with marine clause direct protection and authorization of common law indirect protection.