我国地方政府教育改革的主要特征与趋势--基于163个地方教育制度创新案例的分析

On The Characteristics and Tendency of Education Reform of Local Government

基于163个全国地方政府教育制度创新案例的分析,发现我国地方政府教育改革具有三个特征:一是地方政府在教育改革中发挥着较强的主导作用;二是县(区)基层政府针对本地突出问题能主动发起改革;三是自上而下与自下而上相结合的改革日趋增多。地方政府教育改革越来越重视自上而下的"顶层设计"以构建统一的规划部署,越来越重视结合地方特点的"底层设计"以落实中央的改革要求,越来越重视自下而上的公众参与以反映底层的民意诉求,呈现出自上而下与自下而上相结合的趋势。自上而下和自下而上相结合的模式,为我国教育改革提供了合理的创新机制驱动力,为我国教育改革探索了解决复杂问题的新途径。

Based on the case study of innovative education reform in 163 local governments, it is found that there are three features; First, local government plays a key role in education reform. Second, government at grass-roots level can take immediate action regarding local problems. Third, the number of bottom-up reform and top down ones is increasing. Local governments pay increasing attention to top clown policies to establish integrate plan and bottom up ones to implement central government policy and to the participation of public to reflect people＇s concerns, which serve the evidence of the combination between top down and bottom up. These two models provide strong drive of innovation mechanism and a new approach of solving complex problems.