环渤海海域沉积物重金属分布特征及生态环境评价

DISTRIBUTION PATTERN OF HEAVY METALS IN THE SURFACE SEDIMENTS OF THE AREA OF CIRCUM-BOHAI BAY AND ECOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT ASSESSMENT

对环渤海海域表层沉积物中重金属含量进行了测定,分析了重金属元素的分布特征,以及影响重金属元素分布的因素,采用尼梅罗综合指数法对研究区进行了生态评价。结果显示,辽东湾北部海域是环渤海湾3个调查区中重金属污染最严重的区域。其中Cd和Hg超标严重。空间分布特征整体表现为重金属高值区在辽东湾北部西侧小凌河口外及葫芦岛附近海域。由于物源和粒度的影响,Cu、Pb、Zn的高值区具有相似的分布区域。生态评价结果显示研究区内重污染地区主要分布在辽东湾葫芦岛近岸海域。

The distribution pattern of heavy metals in the surface sediments around the Circum-Bohai Bay and its influencing factors were studied in the paper. The Nemerow comprehensive index method is adopt- ed for ecological assessment. Results show that the Liaodong Bay is the most seriously polluted area from among the three studied areas. Cd and Hg are highly beyond the standard. Spatially, high values occur in the west of the northern Liaodong Bay and the Xiaoling River estuary off the Huludao. Cu, Pb and Zn show similar distribution pattern due to similar provenance and granularity. The assessment of ecological risk indicates that the area near Huludao is the most vulnerable area in heavy metal pollution.