农村小学生伤害现况及影响因素分析

Investigation and analysis of influencing factors on the injury condition of rural primary school students

目的了解农村小学生伤害现状及其影响因素,为相应预防工作的开展提供依据。方法采用课题组自行设计的"农村小学生伤害现状调查问卷",对重庆、山东、河南、陕西、湖南、四川部分农村地区566名小学生进行问卷调查。结果近1 a内农村小学生,除自杀倾向和自杀行为外的伤害发生率为71.3%,其中以扭伤、跌伤或碰伤发生率最高(54.1%),其次为刀(或锐器)割伤或刺伤(26.3%)、烧伤或烫伤(21.2%);而自杀倾向报告率为6.4%,自杀行为报告率为2.8%。多因素非条件Logistic回归分析结果显示,年级、是否独生子女、是否使用互联网、生活自信程度、参与文体活动的积极性是小学生伤害的影响因素(P值均<0.05)。结论伤害是农村小学生群体中存在的重要的公共卫生问题。建议从农村小学生的生活行为方式及健康教育方面提出控制伤害的可行性措施。

Objective To understand the injury conditions of rural primary school students, discuss the measures about how to reduce the injuries in the current social conditions, and to provide the basis for preventive work. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among 566 pupils in some rural areas of Chongqing, Shandong, Henan, Shaanxi, Hunan, Sichuan, which was the rural primary school students injury status questionnaire that self-designed by research group. Results The rate of injuries was 71.3% in recent one year. Among them, sprain, fall or collision was the highest （54.1% ）, followed by a knife （or sharp） cut or wound （26.3% ） , burn or scald （21.2%） , the suicidal tendencies was 6.4% , the report rate of suicide behavior was 2.8%. Multiple non conditional Logistic regression analysis showed that the influencing variables included the grade, ouly child, whether the use of the Internet, life confidence, passion of participating in sports activities（ P〈0.05 ）. Conclusion Injury is an important public health problem in the rural primary school group, we should put h^rward some feasible measures according to the rural prima- ry school life behavior and health education.