初中生道德脱离与主动性攻击反应性攻击的关系

Relationship between moral disengagement and reactive/proactive aggression in middle school students

目的探讨初中生道德脱离与主动性攻击和反应性攻击的关系,为预防和干预青少年的攻击行为提供理论依据。方法以道德脱离量表、主动性和反应性攻击问卷为工具,对随机整群抽取的济南市2所初中780名学生进行测查。结果不同性别初中生道德脱离和主动性攻击性别间差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05),反应性攻击性别间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。道德脱离总分与主动攻击和反应性攻击均存在正相关(r值分别为0.38,0.40,P值均<0.01);回归分析发现,道德理由、委婉标签、有利比较、责任转移得分能正向预测初中生的主动性攻击,道德理由、委婉标签、非人性化得分能正向预测初中生的反应性攻击,有利比较能负向预测初中生的反应性攻击(P值均<0.05)。结论初中生主动性攻击和反应性攻击与道德脱离有密切关系,主动性攻击和反应性攻击的具体道德脱离机制既有相同之处也有不同之处。

Objective To explore the relationship between moral disengagement and reactive/proactive aggression in middle school students, and to provide theoretical basis for prevention and intervention of adolescent aggressive behavior. Methods By using Moral Dis- engagement Scale and Reactive-Proactive Aggression Questionnaire, a total of 780 students aged 1 l-15 years old from two middle schools in Jinan were selected randomly and surveyed. Results There were significant gender differences in moral disengagement and proactive aggres- sion（ both P〈0.05 ）, but not in reactive aggression（ P〉0.05）. Total score of moral disengagement was positively related to reactive/proac- tive aggression （ r = 0. 38, 0.40, both P〈0.01 ）. Hierarchical regression analysis showed that moral justification, euphemistic labeling, ad- vantageous comparison and displacement of responsibility could predict proactive aggression, and moral justification, euphemistic labeling and dehumanization could significantly predict reactive aggression. Advantageous comparison could predict reactive aggression. Conclusion There are close relationship between moral disengagement and reactive/proactive aggression among middle school students. Proactive and reactive aggression have some differences in relations with mechanisms of moral disengagement.