“碳锁定”的形成机理与“碳解锁”的模式、治理体系——基于技术体制的视角

Formation Mechanism of "Carbon Lock-in",Mode of "Carbon Unlocking" and Its Governance——Based on the Perspective of Technological Regime

本文认为"碳锁定"是指在一系列正反馈机制的作用下,具有超稳定结构的碳基技术体制主导经济社会发展路径,阻碍低碳技术应用和扩散的现象.碳基技术体制的形成要经过碳基技术市场化、制度化和社会嵌入三个阶段,相继形成技术锁定、制度锁定和社会锁定,进而导致"碳锁定"的出现."碳解锁"的实质是实现碳基技术体制的替代或低碳化转型,为此必须建立相应的治理体系对"碳解锁"过程进行有目的的引导和管理.本文从技术体制的视角定义了"碳锁定",并在此基础上分析"碳锁定"形成的机理,以及"碳解锁"的基本模式和治理体系.

＂Carbon lock-in＂ is a concept to describe a kind of phenomena that the economical-social development is dominated by carbon-based technological regimes that are difficult to be changed or substituted because of a series of positive feedback mechanisms, and low carbon technologies and their diffusion are hindered. The formulation of a car- bon-based technological regime has three stages： marketization, institutionalization and social embededness, which cause technological lock-in, institutional lock-in and social lock-in, and luther carbon lock-in. In fact, carbon unloc- king is to realize the replacement of carbon-based technological regimes or the transformation of low carbon technolo- gies. The corresponding governance system should be built up in order to guide and manage the carbon unlocking process. It defines ＂carbon lock-in＂ from the perspective of technology regime, and further analyzes the formation mechanism of carbon unlocking, the basic mode and governance system of ＂carbon unlocking＂.