外资机构参与美国联邦公共科技项目机制研究

Foreign Participation Mechanism in U.S.Federal Public R&D Projects

外资机构参与公共投入的研发活动是经济科技全球化进程的不断深入和发展,科技资源的流动日益广泛的现实需求.美国通过20年的政策实践逐步确立了相对完善的外资参与的认定与审查机制.本文以外资参与联邦科技项目的制度动因为基点,全面梳理了美国联邦机构对于外资参与所辖联邦科技项目的政策立场,系统研究了具有典型代表性的外资机构参与资格认定与审查制度,尝试提炼外资参与制度的核心机理,并从差异化开放政策和激励创新聚集两方面总结美国机制对我国的启示.

Along with the increasing worldwide flow of technology resource, foreign participation in publicly funded R＆D activities became the inevitable outcome of economic and R＆D globalization. United States government has gradu- ally established a relatively perfect policy system on foreign participation in public R＆D in the past 20 years. Taking the analysis on its motivations of foreign participation policy as basis, the different foreign participation policies of feder- al funding R＆D projects were analyzed by R＆D types and their purposes. And then, the eligibility requirements for for- eign firms, and the economic interest test and comparable treatment provisions were deeply discussed. Finally, it tries to provide reference for China from the two aspects of the differentiated open policies and the innovation clustering in- centive policy.