近世前期的城下町建设

Construction of Castle Towns in Early Modern Times

近世前期,日本的中央政权及地方各领主在全国范围内较集中地进行了各自领国都城城下町的建设,同时实施一系列政策举措将其全面经营成为领国统治的中心。通过城下町建设、经营过程中各项政策举措的实施,领主们推动了近世社会身份制和阶级关系的巩固与强化;实现了对领国内物资生产和流通领域较为全面的掌控,建立起以城下町为核心的领国独立的经济圈,保护着领国内市场体系的平衡与稳定;很大程度上抑制了商品经济因素向领国农村的渗透,维护了领国封建统治的经济基础。

In early modern times, both the central government and its subordinate states focused on the construction of their castle towns with the implementation of series of new policies, aiming to build them into capitals for each feudal state. As a result,the feudal lords of those states strengthened the feudal relations of both individuals and social classes, achieved general control upon the material production and transportation, and successfully built up independent economic zones to maintain balance and stability of the commodity system within each subordinate state. Besides, these achievements also effectively restrained the spread of commodity economy into rural areas, which helped to maintain the economic basis for feudal governance of each state.