水电站鱼类人工增殖放流标记方法研究概述

Overview of Fish Marking Method about Artificial Propagation and Releasing in Hydropower Station

鱼类人工增殖放流是缓解水电建设对鱼类资源影响的一个重要措施,也是一项非常复杂的系统工程。标记放流可以帮助人们准确获得鱼类的种群信息,是鱼类增殖放流效果评估的重要手段之一。目前,国内外常用的标记方法主要有体外标记法、体内标记法、自然标记法、化学标记法、生物遥测法、分子遗传标记法,文章介绍了这些标记方法的特点及应用,分析了中国鱼类标记放流方面存在的问题并提出了加强鱼类标记方法的科学研究、采用多种途径对标记鱼类进行回收、建立科学合理的回收体系和加强鱼类回收后研究的建议。

Fish artificial propagation and releasing is an important measure which may lessen effect of hydropower construction on fish resource, and it is also a complex and systematic project. Marking and releasing can help gain some population information of fish, which is one of the important means to evaluating the effect of fish artificial propagation and releasing. A number of mark ing methods for fish have been developed, such as marker in vitro, marker in vivo, natural marker, chemical marker, bio - telem etry method and molecular genetic marker. This paper introduced the type, characteristic and application of main marking meth ods at home and abroad, analyzed the existing problems and some suggestions have been given, such as strengthening scientific research on fish marking method, recycling marked fish through various approach, establishing scientific and reasonable recycling system and strengthening research on marked fish.