铜陵市4个月内婴儿母乳喂养情况调查分析

Investigation on breastfeeding for the infants within four months of age in Tongling City

目的了解铜陵市4个月内婴儿母乳喂养情况,为制定干预措施提供参考依据。方法采用横断面调查分析方法,以2009年6月至2010年12月在铜陵市妇幼保健院儿童保健科门诊初次体检,月龄在4个月内的婴儿作为调查对象,通过现场询问获得母乳喂养情况,并进行相关因素分析。结果①铜陵市4个月内婴儿母乳喂养率占82.2%,纯母乳喂养率占54.6%,随着婴儿月龄的增长,母乳喂养率有所下降,母亲产后半小时内开奶率为29.3%;②不同的分娩方式、开奶时间、月龄、居住地及父亲和母亲文化程度的婴儿喂养状况均存在差异(x^2值分别为27.20、25.38、29.43、20.67、10.62、15.14,均P<0.05)。结论母乳喂养是铜陵市4个月内婴儿的主要喂养方式,早开奶率较低,因此应进一步加强爱婴医院管理,做好健康教育,以提高纯母乳喂养率,促进儿童的身心健康发展。

Objective To understand the situation of breastfeeding for the infants not older than four months of age in Tongling City so as to provide scientific evidence for health policy-making. Methods Infants, who were four months of age or younger and took their first medical examination in child health clinic of Tongling Maternal and Child Health Hospital from June 2009 to December 2010, were enrolled as subjects of the study, and a cross-section analysis was conducted after interviewing their guardians on spot. Results Breastfeeding rate for the infants younger than four months in Tongling was 82.2%, with the exclusive breastfeeding rate of 54.6%. The breastfeeding rate dropped down as the months of age increased. The rate of breastfeeding within half an hour after delivery was 29.3%. The popularity of the breastfeeding varied according to delivery mode, time of breastfeeding start, month of age, living area and educational level of mother and father （χ2 value was 27.20, 25.38, 29.43, 20.67, 10.62 and 15.14, respectively, all P 〈 0. 05）. Conclusion Breastfeeding is the principle feeding way for the infants not older than four months of age in Tongling City. The rate of early initiation of breastfeeding is low. It is suggested that both the management of child health hospitals and the health education be promoted to increase the exclusive breastfeeding rate and improve children＇ s health condition.