湖南省2000-2012年血吸虫病主要疫情指标综合分析

Comprehensive Analysis of Endemic Situation of Schistosomiasis in Dongting Lake Regions in Hunan Province, 2000-2012

目的分析湖南省2000-2012年血吸虫病疫情变化规律。方法从湖南省相关部门的血吸虫病疫情档案资料和有关数据库中,采用多级抽样方法,抽样20个血吸虫感染率在1%以上的居民村,分析居民血吸虫感染率、感染度,耕牛血吸虫感染率,钉螺和感染螺孳生密度等指标的变化趋势,比较血吸虫病情指标和钉螺指标之间的相关关系。结果从2000-2012年,湖南省居民和耕牛血吸虫感染率、人群血吸虫感染度呈现明显下降趋势(P<0.01),下降幅度分别为64.49%、75.87%、22.22%。与此相反,病人血吸虫感染度呈现上升趋势(P<0.01),上升幅度为30.68%。钉螺孳生面积基本保持稳定,活螺密度和感染螺密度呈现同向波动变化。终宿主感染性指标与钉螺指标之间没有相关性。结论从2000-2012年,除病人感染度上升外,其它血吸虫病感染性指标呈现明显下降趋势。钉螺指标的变化与终宿主感染性指标的变化间没有相关性。

Objective To analyze the changes of endemic status of schistosomiasis in Dongting Lake regions in Hunan Province from 2000 to 2012.Methods Twenty villages with schistosomiasis infection rate among hosts higher than 1％ were randomly sampled based on a stratifying and proportional basis.Infection rate and intensity of schistosomiasis among human and cattle,mean density of snails and infected snails were dynamically monitored and analyzed.Corrdations between indicators of snail density and schistosomiasis infection among hosts were compared.Results From 2000 to 2012,infection rates of schistosomiasis among human and cattle and infection intensity of schistosomiasis in human showed significantly falling trends （P＜0.01）,decreasing by 64.49％,75.87％ and 22.22％,respectively.On the contrary,the infection intensity of schistosomiasis among patients increased by 30.68 ％ （P ＜ 0.01）.Snail ridden area remained stable.Mean density of snails and infected snails showed fluctuations in the same direction.No correlations between indicators of schistosomiasis infection in definitive hosts and snail density were found.Conclusions From 2000 to 2012,except for the infection intensity of schistosomiasis among patients,other infection indicators of schistosomiasis among definitive host show significantly downward trend.Infection indicators of schistosomiasis in definitive hosts are not affected by snail ridden indicators.