世界优秀女子铅球运动员比赛能力表现特征研究

Research on the Characteristics of World Elite Female Shot-putters' Competitive Ability

运用文献资料调研、数理统计法,收集了1952年～2012年共16届奥运会女子铅球决赛的各试掷成绩、试掷情况等数据,对参加奥运会女子铅球决赛运动员的前后3次试掷成绩表现特征、试掷最佳成绩分布和比赛能力表现特征进行分析。研究结果表明:1)女子铅球决赛阶段6次试掷中,第1次试掷成功率最高达89.2%,其次为第3次试掷,第6次试掷;2)最佳成绩最多的为第1次试掷和第6次试掷,有多达50.0%(8人次)的女子奥运冠军是在第6次试掷达到最佳成绩;3)女子铅球运动员的比赛能力表现出曲折上升的变化特征在第1次试掷、第3次试掷和第6次试掷表现出较高的竞技水平,在第2次试掷、第4次试掷和第5次试掷运动员的竞技水平出现一定程度的波动。

Based on the methods of literature and statistical analysis,collect 1952 years ～ 2012 years total 16 session Olympics the female shot-put finals throwing results and condition,and analysis the female shot-putters＇ of participating in Olympics woman shot finals competitive ability characteristic of the before and after 3 shrowing. Research results indicates that： 1） in the women＇ s shot-put finals,1th throwing＇s success rate is highest reached 89. 2%,second for 3rd throwing and 6th throwing; 2） best results up for the 1th throwing and 6th throwing,especially in all the olympics female shot-put gold medal athletes,has up to 50%（ 8） athletes achieve the best results at the 6th throwing; 3） the characteristics of elite female shot-putters＇ competitive ability performance out twists rose of changes features,the 1th throwing,3rd throwing and 6th throwing showed a higher competitive level,the 2nd throwing,4th throwing and 5th throwing athletes＇ competitive level a certain degree of volatility.