人类理想:自由探索与遵循规范的统一

Why Are Human Ideals the Unity of Free Exploration and Followed Norms

人类理想是在实践中产生的,它是面向未来的人类理性的构想,人类对理想的追求是人类区别于动物世界、并使自身高出动物世界、体现人之崇高性和尊严的体现,也是人的自由性与目的性相统一的体现,但理想本身则是人类自由探索与追求规范的统一。这是由人类理想的实践本性和理想在实践中保持开放性和常新性决定的;同时,人类实践的内在尺度与外在尺度也使得人类的理想追求必然表现为对自身活动的目的性追求和遵循外在规范的统一;另外,人的异化和功利主义追求导致了人类生活根基的动摇和意义世界的缺失,人类需要重建我们的理想和意义世界,以此才能规范人类的理想和重建未来的生活世界,从而展现人生的理想和人生的意义世界,展现人性的崇高和尊严,并显示高贵的人类区别于动物世界并远远地高出动物世界的原因。

Produced in practice, human ideals are future-oriented vision of human rationality. The pursuit of the ideals, making humans superior, embodies not only the difference between humans and animals, the nobility and dignity of humans, but also the unity of human freedom and purpose. But the ideals themselves are the unity of free exploration and the pursuit of norms. It is decided by ideals＇ practice nature, and their openness and frequent novelty in practice. Meanwhile, the internal and external dimension of human practice also inevitably makes humans＂ pursuit of ideals manifest the unity of the purpose of pursuing their own activities and to follow external norms. In addition, alienation and utilitarian pursuit lead to the shake of the foundation of human life, and the lack of meaningful world. Human beings need to rebuild their ideal sand the sense world, in order to regulate their ideals and reconstruct world in the future life, thus showing the ideals of life and the meaning of world, showing humans＇ nobility and dignity, and revealing the reasons that humans are different from and far above animals.