超声微波协同水蒸气蒸馏-GC/MS分析生姜挥发油化学成分

Analysis of volatile oil of Zingiber of ficinale Rosc.via ultrasound microwave assisted steam distillation coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry

采用微波辅助水蒸气蒸馏(MASD)、超声微波协同水蒸气蒸馏(UMASD)、传统水蒸气蒸馏(SD)和超声协同水蒸气蒸馏(UASD)四种方法提取新鲜生姜中的挥发油,用气相色谱-质谱联用技术分析鉴定.比较四种方法,MASD,UMASD,SD,UASD提取的挥发油得油率分别为0.87‰,0.88‰,0.91‰,0.94‰,共鉴定出化合物种类分别为54种、46种、45种、42种,其中共有成分41种,主要化合物成分有姜烯、柠檬醛、β-倍半水芹烯、β-柠檬醛、α-姜黄烯等.结果表明:四种方法均只使用水作为溶剂,具有绿色、对环境无污染的优点;提取的挥发油得油率和化学成分基本相同,MASD和UMASD比SD所需时间更短.UMASD是一个高效、快速、简单和绿色的样品前处理方法.

The chemical components of volatile oil from Zingiber of ficinale Rosc. were extracted using microwave-assisted steam distillation （MASD）, ultrasonic microwave-assisted steam distillation （UMASD）, traditional steam distillation （SD）, ultrasonic assisted steam distillation （UASD） followed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The extraction rate of volatile oil was0.87‰,0.88‰,0.91‰ and 0.94‰, respectively. The total number of 54, 46, 45, 42 compounds were identified using MASD, UMASD, SD, UASD techniques, respectively. 41 conpounds were identified by these four extraction methods. They mainly consisted of Zingiberene, Citral, β-Sesquiphellandrene, β-Citral,α-Curcumene, et al. The results showed that the four methods were green techniques due to using water as extract solvent; There was no obvious difference among volatile oils extraction rates and extraction components by these four methods. MASD and UMASD were alternative to SD in comparison with extraction time. This study suggested that UMASD was an efficient, rapid, simple and green preparation technique.