基于SSR分子标记的杜仲遗传多样性体系建立

Establishment of Genetic Diversity System of Eucommia ulmoides Based on SSR Molecular Markers

杜仲（Eueommia ulmoides Oliver）属杜仲科（Eu．commiaceae），单科单属单种，为第四纪冰川侵袭后残留下的古老树种，仅存于中国，属国家二级保护植物。杜仲的适应性极强，分布在我国亚热带至温带的27个省（市、区），美国、法国、日本、韩国等都有引种。杜仲是我国特有的优质天然橡胶和中药资源，杜仲的皮、叶、雄花、果实等具有很高的药用价值及经济效益，尤其是杜仲富含天然橡胶一杜仲胶，是国家战略性储备资源。

In order to set up the genetic diversity system of Eucommia ulmoides Oliver based on SSR molecular markers, the establishment of SSR-PCR reaction system and screening out SSR marker primer showing high polymor- phism were studied. A L9 （ 34 ） orthogonal design was performed to optimize the main factors of the SSR-PCR reac- tion system. The results indicated that the best SSR-PCR reaction system for E. ulmoides was DNA template 1 μL （30～60 ng·μL-1）, 2 xTaq PCR Master Mix 10 μL, primer 1μL with the total volume of 25 μL. The PCR re- action system had high stability and repeatability, the pairs of SSR primers with high polymorphism were gotten. The 8 E. ulmoides samples＇ DNA sequence was amplified with 13 pairs of SSR primers by SSR-PCR technique, 34 al- leles were detected, 2.6 alleles were detected from per site on average. Each allele＇ s effective number was 1.751 5, and the h value was 0. 379 8, the average I value was 0.643 3. This study is helpful in using SSR molecular marker to analyze genetic diversity and genetic relationship in E. ulmoides.