福建三明市2006～2012年麻疹流行特征及消除麻疹措施效果

Prevalent features of measles and measles-elimination measure city in Sanming in 2006～2012

目的通过对2006～2012年三明市麻疹流行特征及麻疹防控情况进行分析,为进一步消除麻疹提供依据。方法采用描述性流行病学对三明市麻疹流行病学特征及监测情况进行分析。结果 2006～2012年三明市累计报告麻疹病例399例,年平均发病率2.17/10万。<15岁病例占58.90%,年龄别发病率以0岁最高,为21.85/10万;9岁、10～14岁次之,发病率分别为10.38/10万、10.13/10万;病例以学生、散居儿童、农民居多。399例病例中,无免疫史80.20%,免疫史不详5.51%。2009年采取麻疹疫苗强化免疫措施后,人群IgG抗体阳性率、GMT水平显著升高,麻疹年平均发病率较强化前下降97.83%。2006～2012年麻疹监测系统报告:麻疹排除发病率由0.91/10万上升2.48/10万,血清标本采集率由33.03%上升100%,实验室确诊比例由16.49%上升100%。结论扩大麻疹疫苗免疫覆盖率是控制和消除麻疹的关键。

Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of measles and progress in measles prevention and control in Sanming from 2006 to 2012. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were adopted to analyze the data on the epidemic status of measles and the establish surveillance system on measles in Sanming from 2006 to 2012. Results A total of 399 measles cases were reported from 2006 to 2012 and 58.90% of them were less than 15 years old. The main occupations of the cases were students, staff member and farmer. 80.20% of cases were not immunized and 5.51% without vaccination records. After measles booster vaccination, Public measles IgG antibody positive rate and GMT level increased significantly, and the average annual incidence of measles dropped by 97.83%. The proportion of eliminated eases increased from 0.91/100 000 to 2.48/100 000 reported by surveillance system,along with the increase of the sample collection rate,from 33.03% to 100%. The proportion of laboratory confirmed cases in the total confirmed eases increased from 16.49% to 100%. Conclusions It is essential to raise routine immunization coverage rate for control and elimination of measles.