都市社会学先驱吴景超的现代化思想析论

On Wu Jingchao's Idea of Modernization

"第四种国家"是吴景超对近代中国国情的原创性认识,成为他现代化思想的历史基点和逻辑起点。后发型现代化的实现路径方面,他主张三化并举同步,农业现代化、工业化和都市化有所偏重,但不能偏废任何一端。实现农业现代化,必须变革土地制度、推行农业机械化并控制人口数量。工业化道路是中国的活路,而反工业化论调则系误入歧路。中国必须大力推进都市化,都市精英尤须树立"都市意识"。现代化,仅系一种手段,其根本依归在于民富与国强。

Wu Jingchao＇ s thought of ＂Fourth State＂, which is a sort of original understanding of the modern China＇ s national conditions, is the base of his modernization theory. He advocates an overall modernization mode that contains agricultural mod- ernization, industrialization and urbanization, where there is too much weight, but can not be neglected in either end in a develo- ping country as china. To realize the agricultural modernization, we must change the land system, implement agricultural mecha- nization and control population. In his view, industrialization is the Chinese way, while anti - industrialization is to go astray. He holds China must vigorously promote urbanization, and especially, the urban elite must set up ＂urban consciousness＂. Moderni- zation is a means of realizing Chinese rich and mightiness.