地震应急救助需求的模型化处理——来自地震震例的经验分析

MODELS ON RAPID JUGEMENT FOR THE EMERGENT RESCUE NEEDS DURING EARTHQUAKE ——BY ANALYSIS ON POST EARTHQUAKE EVENTS

地震发生后对灾区的支援和救助是减轻灾民痛苦的重要措施 ,但人们往往需要较长时间才能逐渐了解灾区的真实需要 ,这在一定程度上延误了救灾工作的顺利开展。通过对中国可持续发展信息网下属的《综合自然灾害信息共享》子网提供的大量地震资料的分析和理论研究 ,提出了可以定量化快速确定地震灾区可能的救援需求的一系列关系式。通过在闽南防震减灾示范区的实际应用 ,证实这种根据地震初期经济损失和人员伤亡情况快速得出的灾区救援需求框架 ,可以有效地提示救灾人员进行科学调度 ,缩短救灾人员和救灾物资的集中时间 ,具有一定的实际应用价值。

It is very important for giving aid to the afflicted area after a earthquake happened, but this rescue often hardly was taken rapidly in China for the government must take a long time to investigate the real need of earthquake area. By analysis on a lot of earthquake data from the site: Information sharing on comprehensive natural disasters (disg.eq-igl.ac.cn), the authors, in this paper, put forward a series of models to determine quantitatively the rescue needs of earthquake area. In past two years, it was already showed that these models have a great value in some cites, because these models can give a rescue need outline just after earthquake occurred, which should greatly shorten the time for outside rescue to arrive in the earthquake areas.