2型糖尿病患者口腔健康状况调查分析

Investigation on the Oral Health Status of Patients with Type Ⅱ Diabetes Mellitus

目的了解2型糖尿病患者的口腔健康状况。方法选取2型糖尿病54例(实验组),非糖尿病54例(对照组)。调查两组牙龈指数(GI)、菌斑指数(PLI)、龈沟出血指数(SBI)、附着丧失(CAL)及牙周病牙数、缺牙数和体重指数(BMI)的差异;调查两组口腔健康意识、行为等(性别、饮食习惯、规律运动、定期口腔健康检查、牙周病与糖尿病关系知晓率、每天刷牙次数)的差异。结果实验组牙周指数、BMI均高于对照组(P<0.05);牙周病牙数、缺牙数也多于对照组(P<0.05);对照组定期口腔健康检查次数多于实验组(P<0.05);Logistic多元逐步回归分析显示,SBI、CAL、BMI、牙周病牙数、缺牙数与2型糖尿病有相关(P<0.05)。结论 2型糖尿病患者口腔健康状况较差,牙周病牙数、缺牙数较多,定期口腔健康检查意识不强,应当引起医患双方高度重视。

Objective To investigate the oral health status of patients with type Ⅱ diabetes mellitus（T2DM）. Methods Fifty-four T2DM patients（experimental group） and 54 controls without T2DM were enrolled in the study. The two groups were compared in the items including periodontal indexes such as gingival index （GI）, plaque index （PLI） ,sulcus bleeding index（SBI） ,clinical attachment level（CAL） ,the number of teeth in periodontal diseases ,the number of missing teeth and body mass index（BMI） as well as the oral health factors associated with patients＇ and behavior（ including gender, eating habits, exercise habits, regular oral health examination habits, awareness rate of the relationship between periodontal disease and diabetes,frequency of teeth brushing ）. Results The periodontal indexes and BMI of experimental group were higher than the controls（P 〈0.05）. The number of teeth with periodontal diseases and the number of missing teeth of experimental group were more than the controls（P 〈0. 05）. The frequency of regular oral health examination of controls was more than that of experimental group （P 〈 0. 05 ）. The logistic regression analysis showed that SBI, CAL, BMI, the number of teeth in periodontal diseases and the number of missing teeth correlated with T2DM （P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusion The T2DM patients have a bad oral health status with more teeth with periodontal diseases and more missing teeth. They are lack of awareness of regular oral health examination. It should be paid more attention to the management and prevention of periodontal disease in T2DM patients.