镧系及锕系元素在离子液体中的电化学行为

Electrochemical Behavior of Lanthanides and Actinides in Ionic Liquid

乏燃料回收是核燃料循环的核心,对核安全和核能可持续发展具有重要的意义,其分为使用水溶液的湿法和不使用水溶液的干法处理。熔盐电解技术是乏燃料干法回收的重要方法之一,但其工艺温度往往在数百摄氏度,对设备和能耗要求都很高。离子液体具有电化学窗口宽、低熔点、低蒸汽压、热稳定性好等优点,有望替代高温熔盐用于乏燃料干法回收。本文概述了镧系元素和锕系元素在离子液体中电化学方面的研究状况,表明离子液体用于乏燃料干法回收是可行的,但需要更多的基础性研究。

The spent fuel reprocessing,as the essential part of nuclear fuel cycle,is of great significance from the point of view of both nuclear safety and sustainable development of nuclear energy.The reprocessing technology can be divided into wet process using aqueous solution and dry process.Molten salt electrolysis technology is one of the important approaches of spent fuel dry reprocessing,but this technique often operates at several hundred degrees with high demands for equipment and energy consumption.Room temperature ionic liquid has many advantages,such as wide electrochemical window,low melting point,insignificant vapor pressure and high thermal stability,which is promising to replace high-temperature molten salt for spent fuel dry reprocessing.This article reviews the electrochemical research status of the actinides and lanthanides in ionic liquids.These results indicate that the ionic liquids can be used for spent fuel dry reprocessing,but more basic research is required.