传统民居建筑中的气候学

Climatology in Traditional Residential Buildings

岭南建筑是中国传统建筑的一大特色。文章首先分析岭南古村落的总体布局特征;接着探讨典型岭南民居的气候设计经验,具体梳理了竹筒屋、西关大屋、骑楼和围龙屋的布局特点和建造形式,从建筑总体布局到个体建筑空间的节能处理上进行分析;最后总结岭南民居建筑经验和设计理念,呼吁要重视气候设计,特别是岭南建筑中在布局方面的一些生态节能精髓,并在现代建筑设计中借鉴这种思想。

Buildings of South of the Five Ridges are a great characteristic of tradi- tional Chinese buildings. This Paper first analyzes general layout characteristics of old villages in South of the Five Ridges, then discusses classic climate design experience of folk houses in South of the Five Ridges, specifically presents layout characteristics and construction forms of bamboo houses, Xiguan Mansion, Qilou （building overhang）, and Weilong House, analyzes the general layout of buildings and energy saving on individual construction space, and finally summaries experience and design philosophy of residential buildings in South of the Five Ridges, appeals for the attachment to climatic design, especially some ecologic energy saving quintessence of buildings on South of the Five Ridges in layout, and uses such thought for reference in the modem architectural design.