1989—2009年广西六市(县)居民膳食结构变化趋势分析

Trend Analysis of the Dietary Structural Changes in Six Cities(County) in Guangxi Province from 1989 to 2009

目的:分析广西城乡居民食物消费状况,了解居民膳食结构变化趋势。方法:利用1989、1991、1993、1997、2000、2004、2006、2009年"中国健康与营养调查"项目8次追踪调查资料,选取18—60岁居民作为调查对象,采取连续3d 24h膳食回顾法,获得居民每人每天食物消费量。结果:1989—2009年广西18—60岁居民谷类、豆类摄入量呈逐年下降趋势,尤其是谷类食物由1989年的483.5±116.3g/d,下降到2009年的389.0±133.0g/d,下降幅度为19.5%;蔬菜类食物的摄入量变化不大,基本维持在335.8—348.6g/d;水果、奶类、鱼虾类、蛋类食物摄入量和消费率虽然逐年均有所增加,但摄入量和消费率严重偏低;而禽畜肉摄入量却呈逐年上升趋势,由1989年的89.2±78.7g/d,上升至2009年的159.6±87.9g/d,上升幅度为78.9%;食用油、盐摄入量也偏高,至2009年分别达到38.8g/d和7.7g/d,超过推荐量标准。结论:21年间广西居民的膳食结构模式已从植物性膳食向动物性膳食转变,应引起高度关注。

[Objective] To analyze the status of food consumption and the changing trends of dietary structure of urban and rural residents in Guangxi province.[Method] Using the 8 survey data from China Health and Nutrition Survey from 1989 to 2009,we selected the 18-60 year old residents as objects of study.A 24h dietary recall method for 3 consecutive days was used to collect the food consumption per person per day.[Result] The grains and legumes intake showed an declining trend among 18-60 year old residents in Guangxi province from 1989 to 2009,especially the grains decereased from 483.5 ± 116.3g/d to 389.0 ± 133.0g/d,which decreased by 19.5％.The vegetable intake changed little,remaining at 335.8-348.6g/d.Intake and consumption rates of fruits,milk,fish,eggs had increased year by year,but the intake were serious low.The poultry meat intake showed an increasing trend from 89.2 ± 78.7g/d to 159.6 ± 87.9g/d,which increased by 78.9％.The edible oil and salt intake were high,reached 38.8g/d and 7.7g/d in 2009 respectively.[Conclusion] The dietary structure model had changed from the botanical dietary structure model to animal dietary structure model among Guangxi residents during the past 21 years.