水稻一次枝梗数和二次枝梗数的遗传

Inheritance of primary branch number and secondary branch number in rice(Oryza sativa L.)

水稻枝梗数影响每穗颖花数。为阐明水稻枝梗数遗传规律,以一、二次枝梗数多的水稻品种3012与一、二次枝梗数少的水稻品种万特大粒杂交获得的F1和F2世代及其亲本为材料,利用主基因+多基因混合遗传模型对一、二次枝梗数进行遗传分析。结果表明,一次枝梗数的遗传受2对加性-显性-上位性主基因+加性-显性-上位性多基因控制。二次枝梗数的遗传受2对加性-显性-上位性主基因+加性-显性多基因控制。一、二次枝梗数均以主基因遗传为主,一次枝梗数以加性效应为主,二次枝梗数以超显性效应为主。因此,可以通过杂交和回交的育种策略来增加水稻品种枝梗数,实现产量的增加。

Branch number affects spikelet number per panicle in rice. To understand the inheritance of branch num- ber, a genetic segregation analysis for the traits with P1, P2, F1 and F2 in the cross of rice cuhivars 3012 and Wantedali was performed based on the major gene-polygene mixed inheritance model. 3012 has more primary and secondary branch number, whereas Wanteda has less primary and secondary branch number. The results showed that primary branch number was controlled by two major genes with additive-dominant-epistatic effects plus polygene with additive-dominant-epistatic effects, and secondary branch number was regulated by two major genes with additive-dominant-epistatic effects plus polygene with additive-dominant effects. The inheritabilities of primary and secondary branch number were controlled by major gene. For primary branch number, additive effects were dominant. Overdominance were the major model for secondary branch number. By increasing the branch num- ber per panicle in rice through cross and backcross breed- ing, the rice yield can be raised.