作物旱涝灾情遥感监测进展与思考

Development and thoughts of crop droughts and floods monitoring realized by remote sensing technology

旱涝对区域性生产活动和人居环境影响日趋明显,世界每年农业生产因旱涝受到的经济损失可达数十亿美元。近些年来,中国作物旱涝发生的频率增多,受灾范围不断扩大,区域性的作物旱涝灾害几乎连年出现,经济损失相当惨重。因此,及时对作物旱涝灾情进行监测预报,积极采取各种应对措施,有利于实现作物生产防灾减灾的目的。本文在综述作物旱涝灾情遥感监测研究进展的同时,对旱涝灾情遥感监测的原理与方法做了概括,指出现阶段旱涝灾情遥感监测中存在的主要问题,并提出未来旱涝灾情遥感监测的发展方向。

Droughts and floods have been exerting a great impact on regional production activities and human envi- ronment, agricultural productions affected, and the economic losses up to billions of dollars each year around the world. In recent years, droughts and floods have occurred frequently and widely in China, leading to serious economic losses. There- fore, droughts and floods should be monitored and forecasted timely and a variety of response measures should be taken ac- tively for disaster prevention and reduction of crop productions. Based on the review of study progress in remote sensing mo- nitoring in crop droughts and floods, and the summarization of its principles and methods, the article pointed out the major issue in monitoring drought and flood by remote sensing technology at present stage and put forward the development direc- tion of droughts and floods monitoring in the future.