船闸闸室明沟消能工消能效果三维数值模拟

Three-dimensional numerical simulation of energy dissipation effect in energy dissipater of lock chamber open ditch

利用多重网格技术及VOF方法,在恒定流情况下,对侧墙长廊道单明沟、双明沟及三明沟消能工充水过程进行三维数值模拟。分析和比较各型式明沟的剩余比能、动能及流场分布,综合评判各型式明沟消能工的消能特性。研究结果表明,3种明沟型式比较,三明沟布置消能效果最优,单明沟和双明沟各项消能指标较接近,但双明沟消能条件下,其布置更为灵活,消能空间更大,水流分布亦较单明沟更为均匀,尤其是在减小闸室内横向水流对船舶的作用力方面较单明沟型式优越。

By using the multi-grid technique and VOF （Volume of Fluid） method, the local mathematical model of lock chamber was developed. The energy dissipation process of the open ditch, double ditches and three ditches were simulated by three-dimensional model in the steady flow circumstances. Then the distribution of residual energy, kinetic energy and flow field were analyzed, and the energy dissipation effects of all types of energy dissipaters were compared in order to point out the optimal open ditch. The results show that various criteria on energy dissipation of open ditch are close to those of double ditches, and the energy dissipation effect of three ditches is optimized, hut the energy dissipater of double ditches has much larger space.