多义词习得的认知方法与语料库方法的单因素方差研究

One-way ANOVA study between cognitive approach and corpus-based approach in polysemy acquisition

认知语言学认为隐喻是多义词语义扩展的最主要形式,多义词义项间的理据分析有利于学生理解习得多义词各义项;语料库语言学则认为多义词习得可以通过观察检索行,特别是通过识记显著搭配词实现。利用介、副词over,above进行英语多义词短期和长期习得实验,实验结果的单因素方差分析表明认知方法有利多义词义项记忆,语料库方法有利于同义词区分,整体上则认知方法略优于语料库方法,而最好的方法是两者有机的结合。

Cognitive linguistics advocates that in the meaning expansion of the polysemy,metaphor is one of the most important and common ways. The cognitive motivation analysis of the different meanings of polysemous words can facilitate the understanding and acquiring of these meanings for English majors. While corpus linguists believe that when acquiring polysemous words,learners can watch the concordance lines or memorize the significant collocations in particular. In order to test the effectiveness of the two approaches in English polysemy acquisition,4 intact classes of junior students of English majors were invited to take part in the experiment,with the traditional polysemous words learning approach,the cognitive approach,the corpus-based approach and the combination of the two approaches used in the 4 classes respectively,while the polysemous words for the students to learn were over and above. The one-way ANOVA analysis of the tests scores for the 4 classes in the short-term and long-term memory tests indicates that the cognitive approach is more beneficial in meaning memorizing,while the corpus-based one is much more useful in synonym distinguishing,and that,as a whole,during polysemy acquisition the cognitive approach is superior to the corpus-based one,which is to the traditional one,with the best one being the combination of the two.