基于空间洛伦茨曲线和DEA的省域土地利用结构及效率评价——以黑龙江省为例

Analysis of Land Use Structure Based on Spatial Lorenz Curve and Data Envelopment Analysis:With Heilongjiang Province as an Example

以黑龙江省2008年土地利用变更调查数据为基础,基于空间洛伦茨曲线分析了黑龙江省13个地市的土地利用结构,并利用DEA研究了其土地利用效率。研究表明:黑龙江省13个地市的DEA有效性可以分为3个层次:DEA有效、DEA弱有效和DEA无效。其中大庆、齐齐哈尔、牡丹江和鹤岗4个地市为DEA有效;哈尔滨、佳木斯、七台河、伊春和黑河市5个地市为DEA弱有效;鸡西、双鸭山、绥化和大兴安岭地区4个地市为DEA无效;在空间分布上为跳跃式分布。黑龙江省的东中西部均为DEA无效;东南部和西南部为DEA有效。DEA弱有效和DEA无效主要是GDP、三大产业产能不足导致土地利用效率低下。最后根据DEA各个松弛变量分析提出了土地利用和产业结构调整方案。

Employing Spatial Lorenz Curve and Data Envelopment Analysis （DEA） in the analysis of land use structure and efficiency, this paper analyzes the land use structure and efficiency of 13 cities in Heilongjiang Province, with the investigation statistics of land use change in 2008 as the basis. The result indicates that the efficiency of DEA could be divided into three types.. Effective DEA, Weakly Effective DEA and Invalid DEA. The cities of Daqing, Qiqihar, Mudanjiang and Hegang are Effective DEA; the cities of Harbin, Jiamusi, Qitaihe, Yichun and Heihe are Weakly Effective DEA, and the cities of Jixi, Shuangyashan, Suihua and Daxinganling are Invalid DEA. The DEA of the 13 cities in 2008 was saltatorily distributed. The result shows that the low productivity of GDP, the primary industry, the secondary industry and the tertiary industry leads to the Weakly Effective DEA and Invalid DEA. Finally, the paper proposes some adjustment programs of land use structure and industrial structure to improve the land use efficiency of these cities.