我国土地征收补偿特点与理论及制度改进研究

Research on Characteristics of China's Land Expropriation Compensation,Compensation Theory and System Improvement

借助于土地产权理论和福利经济学理论,在分析土地征收制度沿革和现行土地征收制度特点的基础上,采用理论推演分析法,实证分析的方法,分析土地征收中土地权利和农民福利的变化,为提出土地征收制度改进的方向提供依据。研究结果表明:我国土地征收制度沿革遵循了同一思路:即土地征收按年产值倍数给予适当补偿;现行的土地征收补偿与土地权利转移及其相应价格缺乏对应关系,难以减少对征地农民的福利影响;土地征收制度改革应朝着实现土地征收价格的市场化,从福利变化的角度扩大补偿的范围和途径努力,并明确土地征收补偿主体的权益和法律保护途径。

With the land property rights theory and welfare economics theory, this paper analyzes the changes of land rights and farmers＇ welfare before and after land expropriation by using the methods of theory deduction analysis and empirical analysis, based on the analysis of land expropriation system evolution and the characteristics of current land expropriation system, so as to provide scientific evidences for determining the reform direction of land expropriation system. The results show that China＇s land expropriation system evolution has followed the idea that the appropriate land compensation is calculated according to the annual output value multiples of land acquisition. There is no corresponding relationship between land expropriation compensation according to the current law and land rights transfer, between land compensation and land right price, which makes it difficult to reduce the influence on the peasants. The reform of land expropriation system should advance towards realizing the marketization of land expropriation price, expand the compensation scope and ways from the angle of the farmers＇ welfare change, and make clear the rights and interests of land compensation subject and the legal protection approaches.