高校心理委员胜任特征模型的建构

Competency model development and validation for psychological commissioners in college

目的:构建高校心理委员胜任特征的模型,为选拔和培养优秀心理委员提供理论指导。方法:通过专家论证法确定心理委员绩优组与普通组的标准,选取12位心理委员进行行为事件访谈。并以Spencer等编制的"人类服务工作者通用特征词典"为蓝本编写高校心理委员胜任特征的描述词汇,对所有访谈文稿进行编码,比较绩优组(n=6)与普通组(n=6)在胜任特征上的差异,以初步确立心理委员胜任特征模型,并对模型进行检验和修正。结果:依据访谈法,绩优组在"影响力"、"人际沟通"、"言语表达"、"工作兴趣"、"自信心"、"自控力"、"概念性思考"和"专业知识"8项胜任特征上得分均高于普通组[如,影响力(1.7±0.3)vs.(1.2±0.5),均P<0.05]。经修正,最终得到6因子的胜任特征模型,累积方差贡献率为57.22%。各因子的α系数在0.65～0.85之间,总的α系数为0.93。验证性因子分析结果表明6因子的胜任特征模型拟合良好(χ2=900.11,df=480,χ2/df=1.88,RM SEA=0.06,CFI=0.92,NFI=0.85,NNFI=0.92,GFI=0.83,AGFI=0.80,RM R=0.04)。模型各因子间的相关在0.46～0.70之间,各因子与模型总分的相关在0.70～0.87之间。结论:高校心理委员胜任特征模型具有良好的信度和结构效度,可用于心理委员的选拔与培训。

[Abstract] Objective： To develop the competency model and provide theoretical direction for selecting and training qualified psychological commissioners in college. Methods： Following the classical behavioral event inter- view method, 12 psychological commissioners received the behavioral event interview, and they were divided into the superior group （n = 6） and ordinary group （n = 6）. On the basis of Spencer＇s competency code dictionary and through open questionnaires, the coding manual for psychological commissioners was compiled, and the coding a- nalysis on the interview text was conducted. Then the differences between the two groups were compared and the competency model for psychological commissioners was built. Results： The superior group had 8 competency fac- tors which were better than the ordinary group according to the BEI method, which were ＂impact and influence＂, ＂interpersonal understanding＂, ＂position preference＂, ＂self-confidence＂, ＂self-control＂, ＂conceptual thinking＂, ＂pro- fessional expertise＂ and ＂linguistic expressing＂[ ＂impact and influence＂ （ l. 7 _＋0. 3） vs. （ 1.2 _＋0. 5）, Ps 〈0. 05]. The results indicated that the competency model could be reduced into six factors, which could explain 57.22% of ANOVA. The Cronbach cz of the whole scale was 0. 93. The Cronbach a for each factor ranged from 0. 65 to 0. 85. The confirmatory factor analysis indicated that the six-factor model had good fitting indices（x2 = 900. 11, df = 480,x2/df= 1.88, RMSEA = 0. 06, CFI = 0. 92, NFI = 0. 85, NNFI = 0. 92, GFI = 0. 83, AGFI = 0. 80, RMR = 0. 04）. The correlations between the six factors ranged from 0. 46 to 0. 70. The correlations between the whole scale and six factors ranged from 0. 70 to 0. 87. Conclusions： It suggests that the competency model for psychological commissioners in college has satisfactory reliability, validity and could be used in selection and training.