女大学生体育锻炼行为机制研究

Research on the Mechanism of Female Students' Physical Exercise Behavior

以行为心理学理论为分析框架,在理论分析女大学生体育锻炼行为机制的基础上,通过文献资料、问卷调查和数理统计等方法进行分析和研究。结果显示:女大学生体育锻炼行为的机制是具有社会性和心理性特征的,集动力机制、运行机制和约束机制于一体的复杂工程。女大学生的体育需要和动机具有多样性、多向性、多层次性特征。偏倚的行为目标、淡漠的消费意识、不良的行为结构、受限的行为内容,导致大多数女大学生不符合体育人口的标准。心理因素、环境因素以及家庭因素是制约女大学生体育锻炼行为的主要因素。建议:科学的引导体育认知、培养良性的体育需要、激发健康的锻炼动机、规划科学的体育行为、充实行为的空间环境。

We use Behavioral Psychology theory as a framework for the analysis of the behavioral mechanism of female college students＇ physical exercise. The results show that female college students＇ physical training mechanism has social and psychological characteristics. Female college students＇ needs and motivations for physical exercise are diverse,multi-directional and multi-level. Some features such as Target-bias,Indifference-Consumer-Awareness,Unreasonable-Structure,Content-Limitation etc. result in the majority of female college students failing to meet the standards of the sports population. Psychological,environmental and family factors are the main restrictions on female college students＇ physical exercise behavior. We suggest guiding their physical exercise cognition,developing benign sport needs,stimulating healthy exercise motivations,planning out scientific physical exercise behavior,and providing access to physical exercise facilities.