基于疲劳损伤反馈的直升机模型跟踪控制

Helicopter model-following control based on fatigue damage feedback

直升机飞行控制的设计目标在于满足飞行品质要求的同时,应保证直升机具备较高的可靠性、可用性、部件耐久性以及可维护性。给出了黑鹰UH-60直升机前飞状态下的模型跟踪控制方法,同时考虑了关键部件的结构寿命,实现了直升机的姿态和高度控制,并且有效地权衡了飞行品质以及结构寿命。该模型跟踪控制系统由疲劳损伤和飞行速度两个参数调度。疲劳损伤是旋翼轴弯矩所产生的裂纹长度,表征了旋翼轴的结构寿命。非线性仿真结果表明,直升机系统解耦控制特性良好,能够跟踪指定输入,并且飞行控制系统动态性能的轻微下降能够显著提高结构寿命。

The main goal in the helicopter flight control is to ensure that the helicopter has higher reliability,availability,component durability and maintainability while meeting the flying quality. This paper presents a model-following control（ MFC） method for Black Hawk UH-60 in forward flight by taking the structural life of critical component into consideration. The controller is applied to realize attitude and height control,and trade off the flight handling qualities and structural life. The MFC controller is gain scheduled by fatigue damage and total airspeed. Fatigue damage,which represents the structural life,is the crack length generated by the rotor shaft bending moment. The results of nonlinear simulations show that the 4-axis decoupling control is realized and the responses can track the pilot＇s command. And a significant improvement in structural life is achieved by a small reduction in flight control system performance.