4种中药单体物质的体外杀螨活性

Acaricidal activity of four herbal monomer substances in vitro

以苦参碱、对叶百部碱、瑞香素、青蒿素为试验用药,采用浸杀方式测定中药单体对兔疥螨幼虫的离体杀螨活性,并测定最强杀螨活性药物的半数致死浓度(Median lethal concentration,LC50)和半数致死时间(Median lethal time,LT50)。结果显示,在药物质量浓度为10.00g/L时,苦参碱、对叶百部碱、瑞香素和青蒿素的起效时间分别为45.00、127.50、165.00、263.50min,全部死亡时间分别为1 455.00、1 890.00、2 130.00、2 280.00min。质量浓度为25.00g/L的苦参碱在试验24h时的LC50为2.86g/L;质量浓度为25.00、12.50、6.25g/L的苦参碱LT50分别为7.54、9.85、14.55h。结果表明,4种中药单体都具有一定的体外杀螨活性,其中苦参碱的杀螨活性最强,对叶百部碱和瑞香素次之,青蒿素杀螨活性最弱。

Acarieidal effect of four herbal monomer was evaluated in vitro through measuring matrine, tuberostemonine,daphnetin and artemisinin as an experimental medication, using dip kill to test acaricidal activity of four herbal monomer for S. scabiei var. cuniculi larvae in vitro, and determinating the strongest acaricidal activity of drugs the median lethal concentration（LC50 ） and median lethal time （LT50）. The resuhs indicated that drug concentration of 10.00 g/L,matrine, tuberostemonine, daphnetin and artemisinin onset time was 45.00,127.50,165.00 and 263.50 rain respectively,all the time of death was 1455.00,1 890.00,2 130.00 and 2 280.00 rain,respectively. The median lethal concentration of the matrine（at the concentration of 25.00 g/L） was 2.86 g/L at 24 h post-treatment. At the concentrations of 25.00,12.50 and 6.25 g/L,the median lethal time of the petroleum ether extract was 7. 54,9.85 and 14. 55 h,respectively. The four Herbal monomers have some acaricidal activity in vitro, the highest acaricidal activity of matrine, followed by tuberostemonine and daphnetin, and artemisinin the weakest.