不同二氧化碳浓度与栽培方式对番茄生长的影响

Effects of Different Carbon Dioxide Concentration and Cultivation Methods on Growth of Tomato

以"莎丽"番茄为试材,通过温室内增施CO2,比较了负水头营养液灌溉、基质栽培和土培3种栽培方式对番茄生长发育、产量及对营养液利用效率的影响。结果表明:较高浓度CO2可以增加番茄的株高、茎粗和叶片数,提高叶片的相对叶绿素含量,促使开花期和成熟期提前,增加干物质积累,提高营养液利用效率并使果实增产,降低根冠比;在栽培方式上,土培番茄生长发育前期势头良好,随后基质栽培和负水头供营养液栽培要好于土培,后二者之间的差异很小。

Taking tomato ＇ Shali＇ as material, through applying carbon dioxide （C02） in solar greenhouse, the effect of three different cultivation methods that were negative pressure irrigation with supplying nutrient solution, matrix cultivation and soil cultivation on growth, yield and nutrient use efficiency were compared. The results showed that, higher carbon dioxide concentration could increase plant height, stem diameter and leaf number of tomato,improve SPAD of tomato leaf and promote anthesis and mature period ahead. Besides,it increased dry matter content and yield of tomato, reduced root- shoot and improved nutrient solution using efficiently. In terms of cultivation method, tomato under soil cultivation was good in early stage compared with tomato under matrix cultivation and negative pressure irrigation, but the later two cultivation exceeded in later period. Moreover, there were no significant differences between matrix cultivation and negative pressure irrigation during the whole growth period.