略论宋代世家大族的家学

On Family Tradition of Learning in Aristocratic Families of Song Dynasty

宋代世家大族家学主要是对自然知识、社会知识、伦理教化以及治学方法的传承和探讨。家学通过家教、父子兄弟相互影响、子弟自我注重学习内容以及家族学校教育等方式得以传承,这与科举制度、专制统治以及家族地位的维护密不可分,家学既有时代的总体特征,也有各家族的具体特点,是宋代学术文化向纵深发展的不可忽视的力量。

In Song Dynasty, the family tradition of learning in aristocratic families focused on inheritance and study of natural knowledge, social knowledge, ethical education and academic methodology. The family tradition of learning sustained itself through family education, mutual influence between father and son or between brothers, children＇s self-learning and clan-run school education, which was inseparable from imperial examination system, autocratic domination and maintenance of family status. It was an unneglectable force that furthered the development of academic culture in Song Dynasty, demonstrating both general characteristics of the times and specific features of various families.