慢性阻塞性肺疾病发病机制的研究进展

Advance in the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

目前，COPD的高发病率和病死率是在世界范围内导致巨大经济和社会负担的主要原因。COPD发病机制复杂，炎症反应、氧化应激、蛋白酶／抗蛋白酶失衡、细胞凋亡是COPD发病机制的关键环节，感染是造成COPD急性加重和病情进展的主要因素，自身免疫可能是导致COPD患者戒烟后肺内炎症持续存在的主要原因。香烟烟雾引起的肺损伤最终形成自我放大的持续过程，导致临床症状及病理改变。

Currently, the high morbidity and mortality of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease （COPD） is the main reason to cause huge worldwide economic and social burden. The pathogenesis of COPD is complex. Inflammation,oxidative stress, Protease-antiprotease imbalance, and apoptotic are the key link of the pathogenesis of COPE）. Infection is a major cause of acute exacerbation and progression of COPD. Autoimmunity may be the main reason for the persistence of inflammation in COPD patients after smoking cessation. Lung damage caused by cigarette smoke eventually form a continuous process of self- amplified, which lead to clinical symptoms and pathological changes.