认知语言学视野下龙的汉字文化解读

Cultural Interpretation of Chinese Character Dragon from Perspective of Cognitive Linguistics

以《说文》中与龙相关的字词解说为对象,从认知语言学的角度,在原型、象似性、隐喻等方面考察龙族字词的形、音、义,发现龙的原型为上古一种大型爬行类动物,其主要特征通过象似性投射到社会各个方面,并因频繁使用具有隐喻的修辞功能,成为中国先民感知世界、体悟生命的重要认知范畴,从而构建了一个具有鲜明民族特色的文化模型,洋溢着厚重的汉字文化精神,并具有文化类型学的价值。

This paper retrieves words and expressions concerning dragon from the classic Shuowen-Jiezi,and in light of cognitive linguistics exams their grapheme, phoneme, semantics. Results indicate that the archetype of dragon was a great reptile in ancient times, later its main features were projected to all aspects of society by iconicity,and fi nally it had the rhetoric function of metaphor because of its frequent use. Thus it ultimately evolved into an important cognitive category for ancient Chinese to sense the world and experience life, and constructed a cultural model full of distinct national characteristics, cultural spirit of Chinese characters, and of great signifi cance in cultural typology.