开放式管理模式对精神分裂症患者社会功能的影响

Effects of Open Management Mode on Social Function for Patients with Schizophrenia

目的探讨开放式管理模式对精神分裂症患者社会功能的影响。方法将90例精神分裂症患者按照住院日期的单双日分为对照组和研究组各45例,对照组采取封闭式管理(即常规精神科护理及症状护理),研究组采取开放式管理(包括扩大活动范围、提供家庭式的自由休养环境、日常生活能力训练等);比较两组患者多个时间点的护士用住院患者观察量表(nurses’observation scale for inpatient evaluation,NOSIE)、简明精神病量表(the brief psychiatric rating scale,BPRS)和社会功能缺陷筛选量表(social disability screening schedule,SDSS)评分。结果入院8周和12周时,研究组NOSIE评分高于对照组,BPRS评分低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);研究组患者出院时、出院半年及1年时,SDSS评分均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论开放式管理模式对改善精神分裂症患者的病情、维护其生活技能和人际交往能力、延缓或减少社会功能衰退具有重要作用。

Objective To explore the effects of open management mode on social function for patients with Schizophrenia. Methods A total of 90 patients with schizophrenia were divided into control group and experimental group, with 45 cases in each group. Patients in the control group were given closed management mode （regular mental nursing and symptom nursing）,and patients in the experimental group were given open management mode （expanding the activities scope, providing family free recuperation environment, activity of daily living training）. Nursing effects were evaluated with Nurses＇ Observation Scale for Inpatient Evaluation （NOSIE）, Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale （BPRS） and Social Disability Screening Schedule （SDSS）. Results At 8th week and 12th week after admission,the total scores of NOSIE for the experimental group were significantly higher than that in the control group,and BPRS for the experimental group were significantly lower than that in the control group（P〈0.05）;At discharge,6 months and 1 year after discharge,SDSS scores of the open group were much better than the close group（P〈0.05）. Conclusion Opening management mode plays an important role in improving patients＇ condition, maintaining their life skills and interpersonal skills and slowing down or reducing social function.