Ni_2P加氢脱硫催化剂制备方法及改性研究进展

Advance in the Preparation and Modification on Nickel Phosphide Catalysts for Hydrodesulfurization

介绍和比较了Ni2P催化剂的制备方法,综述了Ni2P催化剂活性组分改性及载体改性方面的最新研究进展。Ni2P催化剂的制备方法中,TPR法流程相对简单,但所用时间较长;水热法和溶剂热法的物相形成过程易控、所需反应温度比TPR法低,但制备过程易发生颗粒团聚、原料昂贵、过程复杂的缺点使其不能够满足工业化的要求;热解法是近些年开发出的方法,具有反应温度低、制备过程简单等优点。向Ni2P催化剂中引入过渡金属、碱土金属元素均可提高催化剂活性。引入Fe能有效地提高直接脱硫途径(DDS)的选择性,其可能的原因是Ni原子和Fe原子形成配位体,产生协同作用;引入Ca能促进活性相Ni2P的形成,提高催化剂HDS催化活性。螯合剂和载体对Ni2P催化剂的形成和活性有重要的影响。

Preparation methods of Ni2P catalyst were introduced and compared. The recent progress in the modification on the aspects of active phase and support of the catalyst was reviewed. In the preparation methods, temperature-programmed reduction （TPR） is comparatively simple but time-consuming, hydrothermal and solvothermal methods are characterized by easy-controlling of the formation process and lower reaction temperature compared with TPR, however, the agglomeration of active phase, expensiveness of sources and complexity of the preparation process limit their industrial applications, and the thermal decomposition route is developed in recent years, possessing the advantages of low reaction temperature and preparation simplicity. Metal promoters such as transition metal and alkaline earth metal can improve the HDS activity of the catalyst. High selectivity for the direct desulfurization pathway （DDS） was found in HDS reaction over the bimetallic NiFeP catalyst, and could be accounted by the ligand effect of Fe on the active Ni atoms. The addition of Ca can promote the formation of Ni2P active phase. Chelator and support play the significant roles in the formation and dispersion of the active phase.