100例青年高血压病例分析

Analysis of 100 cases of young hypertension

目的：了解青年高血压的患病病因，并探讨干预措施的效果。方法随机观察2010年6月-2012年6月发现的18～36岁青年高血压100例，根据病史、体格检查、生化检查及特殊检查，进行诊断分类和治疗。以66例原发性高血压为观察组，随机选取同期100例18～36岁血压正常者为对照组，分别观察每组肥胖、高盐、嗜酒、吸烟以及家族史情况，并进行方差分析。结果100例青年高血压中，原发性高血压占66％，白大衣高血压占18％，肾实质性高血压占7％，原发性醛固酮增多症占4％，肾血管性高血压占3％，嗜铬细胞瘤占2％，及时给予积极处理，均收到明显效果。肥胖、嗜酒、高盐及家族史两组间差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05），而吸烟无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。结论原发性高血压主要原因是遗传、嗜酒、肥胖和高盐饮食，继发性高血压在青年中比例可达16％。建议加强对青年进行健康教育，尽量早发现、早治疗、以提高青年人的健康素质。

Objective To understand the causes of hypertension of young people and to explore the effect of intervention treatment . Methods One hundred cases of 18~36 years old young hypertension patients selected randomly from June 2010 to June 2012 were observed in this study .According to the results of medical history , physical examination , biochemical examination and special exami-nation,100 cases were classified and treated .Sixty-six cases of primary hypertension were selected as the observation group ,while anoth-er 100 cases of normal blood pressure with the age as the control group .Risk factors （obesity, high salt, drinking, smoking and family history） were detected and compared using analysis of variance .Results Of the 100 cases of hypertension , primary hypertension ac-counted for 66%,white coat hypertension 18%,renal parenchymal hypertension 7%, primary aldosteronism 4%,renal vascular hyper-tension 3%,and pheochromocytoma 2%.Active treatment in early stage showed obvious effects .There were significant differences of O-besity,drinking,high salt and family history between the two groups （ P0.05）.Conclusion The main cause of primary hypertension is genetic ,drinking, obesity and high salt diet,and secondary hyperten-sion in the proportion of youth in up to 16%.We should strengthen health education for youth ,and early detection and early treatment can improve the young people＇s healthy .