长岭县鼠疫疫源地2003～2012年啮齿动物种群数量调查

Survey on rodents population in Changling County from 2003 to 2012

目的通过对一段时间内鼠疫疫源地啮齿动物种群结构的分析,掌握疫源地内宿主动物的种类、数量和分布特点,明确动物鼠疫的发生与动物种群结构之间的关系。方法按照《吉林省鼠疫自然疫源地现状调查实施方案》和卫生部《鼠疫应急防控手册》的监测方法,收集2003-2012年长岭县鼠疫监测数据,数据来源于各个年度鼠疫监测总结。结果在长岭县境内共发现啮齿目4科8属9种。不同生境内的动物数量分布有不同的特点。主要啮齿动物以达乌尔黄鼠为主,数量变化与年际关系略有差别。结论长岭县境内啮齿动物种群结构较为简单,多年来的达乌尔黄鼠数量也维持在较低的水平,这可能是导致疫源地长时间较为稳定的根本原因。

Objective To specify species, quantity and distribution of host animals in the epidemic focus and clarify the relation between the occurrence of animal plague and the population structure of animals through the analysis of the population structure of rodents in the plague focus within a certain period of time. Method According to the investigation methods stated in Survey and Implementation Plan on the Natural Foci of Plague in Jilin Province and the Prevention and Control over Plague Emergency pub- lished by the Ministry of Health, we collected the monitoring data of plague which came from each annual monitoring summary of plague in Changling County from 2003 to 2012. Results We found rodents in a variety of 4 families, 8 genus, and 9 species within the territory of Changling County. Different characteristics occurred in different habitats. The dominant rodent was Sper- mophilus dauricus, whose annual quantity changed in a small range. Conclusion The population structure of rodents in Changling County is relatively simple, and the quantity of Spermophilus danricus maintains at a low level, which may be the un- derlying causes that make Changling County be a relatively constantly stable focus.